Summary: America’s debacle in Afghanistan began with a surprise attack that launched a never-ending ‘war on terror’.
This Saturday is the twentieth anniversary of the 9/11 attacks in New York, Washington and Pennsylvania that left 3000 dead and sparked the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. The attacks changed US foreign and security policy overnight and within weeks the UK was onside. The “Global War on Terror” (GWOT) had begun.
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All excellent points. One additional loser deserves a brief to itself: human rights. Personal and other freedoms throughout the ‘democracies’ must be listed among the main outcomes of this GWOT. Everywhere in the ‘free world’, we have lost rights to privacy, our freedoms of speech and expression have been significantly curtailed. Mainstream political discourse has shifted to the right towards authoritarianism including additional state powers restricting the rights of individuals and civil society, preventing the expression of dissent and increasing surveillance. Plenty more….. should be addressed in full.